Advanced search examples

• Find tokens which are not part of a longer token sequence:

  "tobacco" not in "tobacco product"

• All words in the string need to be found:

  "Scottish Ministers make the following Regulations" all words

• Any word contained in the string need to be found:

  "Scottish Ministers make the following Regulations" any word

• All strings need to be found:

  {"Scottish Ministers", "make", "Regulations"} all

• Words are found in the specified order and results are returned if there are at most eight words between tobacco and regulations.

  'tobacco regulations' all words ordered distance at most 8 words

• The occurs keyword comes into play when more than one occurrence of a token is to be found. Varius range modifiers are available: exactly, at least, at most, and from ... to ....

  "act" occurs at least 4 times

• The keywords ftand, ftor and ftnot can also be used to combine multiple query terms.

  { 'Medical', 'regulations' } all ordered distance at most 3 words

• The window keyword accepts those texts in which all keyword occur within the specified number of tokens.

  { 'tobacco', 'regulations' } all window 7 words

• Sometimes it is interesting to only select texts in which all searched terms occur in the same sentence or paragraph.

  { 'sale of tobacco', 'regulations' }  all words same sentence

• If case is insensitive, no distinction is made between characters in upper and lower case. By default, the option is insensitive; it can also be set to sensitive.

  { 'sale of tobacco', 'regulations' } all words using case sensitive same sentence

• If stemming is activated, words are shortened to a base form by a language-specific stemmer.

  "saling tobacco" all words using stemming same paragraph

• The wildcards option facilitates search operations similar to simple regular expressions:
  • . matches a single arbitrary character.
  • .? matches either zero or one character.
  • .* matches zero or more characters.
  • .+ matches one or more characters.
  • .{min,max} matches min–max number of characters.

  "Regulations 2017 and come into force on .* April 2017" using wildcards